pedigree file

  1. Space(s) is a delimiter. Need at least one character space between columns.
  2. Dot (.) is not a missing value. Dot (.) is just one character.
  3. Check the data again especially when converting from another format or software such as EXCEL, SAS, …
  4. Check the duplicates
  5. The maximum length of animal IDs (or any other effects) is 20 bytes (characters). To increase the size, use the option.